After further investigation, we found that this bug has already existed at least since macOS 14.5 Sonoma (maybe even earlier, but we currently don’t have access to an older 14.x system for testing).
Is it a bug?
There’s an update on the blog:
The problem discussed here turned out to be specific to Little Snitch 6.1 and not a general issue in macOS. It will be fixed in an update of Little Snitch later today.
lol
Please advise if I have misunderstood.
If this version fails, your VPN DNS is used (if this is included in your VPN provider’s functionality) and the traffic is routed through the VPN tunnel.
However, at the browser level, if you have a private encrypted DNS installed, this will resolve any issues while using the browser.