Let’s talk a little more about Account Name Inquiry (ANI), because I feel like there needs to be some clarification. I’ve been using Revolut virtual cards for a while, but I was always a bit reluctant — I thought my real name might somehow get transmitted when paying for something. I did some research, and it turns out your cardholder name isn’t exposed to merchants in most cases, unless:
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you enter your actual name in the checkout form, or
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the name you enter triggers an ANI (even then, the issuer only returns one of three possible results: match, no‑match, or partial‑match — as a code, so it doesn’t contain your name).
Who actually sees your canonical cardholder name:
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Issuer (e.g., Revolut) — holds the canonical name and uses it to compare against the supplied name.
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Card network (e.g., Visa/Mastercard) — routes the inquiry and may process/log the canonical name for routing, fraud, and troubleshooting.
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Gateway/acquirer systems may carry or temporarily log message fields, but merchants do not get the issuer’s canonical name in the merchant‑facing response.
So theoretically, even if ANI is triggered and you only typed your initials at checkout, your real name on the card is seen only by the issuer and the card network — not the merchant.
Typical flow (who talks to who):
merchant (e.g., Etsy) → payment gateway/processor (e.g., Stripe — receives the PAN and the name you entered, which may start ANI) → acquirer (merchant’s bank — forwards the verification) → card network (e.g., Visa — routes the inquiry) → issuer (e.g., Revolut — checks its record and returns a match code).
Etsy and Stripe, for example, only receive the name you type at checkout (which can be anything). When the issuer performs the check, it returns a match result code (match / no match / partial / unavailable) — it does not forward your issuer‑stored canonical card name to the merchant, gateway, or acquirer in the merchant‑facing response.
Additional nuance: ANI behavior and availability vary by country, issuer, and card network.
So, all in all, it is possible to pay with more privacy using Revolut virtual cards, but in there are caveats (email, billing address, checkout fields, etc…) which can still link transactions to you. I’m not an expert — if you know this area, please confirm or correct anything I missed.